SQL Server In-memory

In-Memory OLTP can significantly improve OLTP database application performance. It is a memory-optimized database engine integrated into the SQL Server engine, optimized for OLTP. With In-Memory OLTP you can increase the transaction throughput by up to 30 times, depending on the specifics of the workload. The performance gains come from:

For memory-optimized tables, the design of their structure is free of the physical limitations of hard drives that force design compromises.
Core transaction processing is completely free of locks.
Natively compiled modules execute Transact-SQL statements more efficiently.

Read the following resources for mroe information.

[In-Memory OLTP (In-Memory Optimization)] (https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn133186.aspx)
[Quick Start 1: In-Memory OLTP Technologies for Faster Transact-SQL Performance] (https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt694156.aspx)
[Get started with Columnstore for real time operational analytics] (https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn817827.aspx)
[Columnstore Indexes Guide] (https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/gg492088.aspx)